R Operators
There are the following types of operators in R.
- Arithmetic Operators
- Assignment Operators
- Logical Operators
- Comparison Operators
- Miscellaneous Operators
Arithmetic Operators
Arithmetic operators work on only two numeric operands, if the operands are not numeric then it automatically converts to numeric.
| Operator | Name | Example |
| + | Addition | v1 <- c(4, 5, 6) v2 <- c(1.4, 2.5, 3.2) print(v1+v2) |
| - | Subtraction | v1 <- c(4, 5, 6) v2 <- c(1.4, 2.5, 3.2) print(v1-v2) |
| * | Multiplication | v1 <- c(4, 5, 6) v2 <- c(1.4, 2.5, 3.2) print(v1*v2) |
| / | Division | v1 <- c(4, 5, 6) v2 <- c(1.4, 2.5, 3.2) print(v1/v2) |
| %% | Modulus | v1 <- c(4, 5, 6) v2 <- c(1.4, 2.5, 3.2) print(v1%%v2) |
| %/% | Integer Division | v1 <- c(4, 5, 6) v2 <- c(1.4, 2.5, 3.2) print(v1%/%v2) |
Assignment Operators
Assignment operators assign a value to a variable, it assigns the value of its right operand to its left operand and also it can assign the value of its left operand to its right operand.
| Operator | Name | Examples |
| <-, <<-, = | Leftwards assignment | x <- 10 |
| ->, ->> | Rightwards assignment | c(10, 3) -> y |
Logical Operators
These operators are used to perform logical operations. It returns the result in always a boolean value, it returns true if either or both operands are true, and returns false otherwise.
| Operator | Name | Example |
| & | Element wise logical AND | v1 <- c(4, 5, 6) v2 <- c(1.4, 2.5, 3.2) print(v1&v2) |
| && | Logical AND | v1 <- c(4, 5, 6) v2 <- c(1.4, 2.5, 3.2) print(v1&&v2) |
| | | Element wise logical OR | v1 <- c(4, 5, 6) v2 <- c(1.4, 2.5, 3.2) print(v1|v2) |
| || | Logical OR | v1 <- c(4, 5, 6) v2 <- c(1.4, 2.5, 3.2) print(v1||v2) |
| ! | Logical NOT | v1 <- c(4, 5, 6) print(!v1) |
Comparison Operators
Comparison operators are used for comparison and are mostly used either in if conditions or loops. Its result is always a boolean value.
| Operator | Name | Example |
| == | Equal to | v1 <- c(4, 5, 6) v2 <- c(4, 2.5, 6) print(v1==v2) |
| != | Not equal to | v1 <- c(4, 5, 6) v2 <- c(4, 2.5, 6) print(v1!=v2) |
| < | Less than | v1 <- c(4, 5, 6) v2 <- c(4, 2.5, 6) print(v1 < v2) |
| > | Greater than | v1 <- c(4, 5, 6) v2 <- c(4, 2.5, 6) print(v1 > v2) |
| >= | Greater than equal to | v1 <- c(4, 5, 6) v2 <- c(4, 2.5, 6) print(v1 >= v2) |
| <= | Less than equal to | v1 <- c(4, 5, 6) v2 <- c(4, 2.5, 6) print(v1 <= v2) |
Miscellaneous Operators
| Operator | Name | Example |
| : | Colon Operator | v <- 1:10 |
| %in% | Belongs to Operator | v1 <- 4 v2 <- 1:10 print(v1 %in% v2) |
| %*% | Vector multiplication with its transpose | M <- matrix(c(1,2,3), nrow=2, ncol=3, TRUE) print(M%*%t(M)) |
Colon Operator (:)- The colon operator generates a regular sequence, which is equivalent to interaction(a,b) but the levels are ordered and labelled differently.
Belongs to Operator (%in%) - The %in% operator identifies whether an element belongs to a vector or not.
Vector multiplication with its transpose (%*%) - The %*% operator performs multiplication of a vector with its transpose.
